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Raloxifene is primarily used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. As a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), it mimics the effects of estrogen in some tissues, such as bones, helping to maintain bone density and reduce the risk of fractures. Additionally, raloxifene acts as an estrogen antagonist in other tissues, such as the breast, where it can help reduce the risk of breast cancer.
- Osteoporosis Prevention and Treatment:
- Raloxifene is approved for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by decreased bone density and increased risk of fractures. Raloxifene helps to maintain bone density by acting as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) in bone tissue, which reduces bone resorption and increases bone mineral density. This helps to decrease the risk of vertebral fractures and other osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women.
- Reduction of Breast Cancer Risk:
- Raloxifene has also been shown to reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or at high risk for breast cancer. As a SERM, raloxifene acts as an estrogen antagonist in breast tissue, inhibiting the growth of estrogen-sensitive breast cancer cells. This makes it an alternative option for women who are at increased risk of breast cancer but are unable to take other medications such as tamoxifen.
- Relief of Menopausal Symptoms:
- While raloxifene is not primarily indicated for the relief of menopausal symptoms, some women may experience a reduction in hot flashes and other vasomotor symptoms while taking the medication. However, its effectiveness in this regard may vary among individuals.